You can go with both, Visual C++ is more user friendly, but codeblocks is cross-platform(you can use it in windows, Linux, Mac), there is also other IDE like Eclipse CDT, NetBeans, etc.
As tutorials there are alot tutorials out there, but good tutorials are tutorials that gives exercise assignments, to test your skills.
As for what you could learn:
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- After you finish the Second Part Continue with Data Structures then go back and Continue with rest of the book:
- Linked Lists:
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Doubly linked List -
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How to search a linked list using recursion -
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Creating a Linked List Project in C++ -
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- Stacks:
How to Create a Stack Class Project -
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:
- Binary Search Trees -
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-Hash Tables:
How to Create a Hash Table Project C++ -
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Introduction to a Heap -
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- Algorithms -
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Extra:
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- C++ STL (
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